A notarized document is a formal document that certifies the completion of actions necessary for the exercise or preservation of recourse with respect to bills and checks, and the results thereof. For bills, facts such as refusal to pay or refusal to accept, which are conditions for recourse, must be proven by protest (Bills of Negotiable Instruments Act, Article 44, Article 77, Paragraph 1, Item 4), but for checks, in addition to protest, a simpler method is permitted, namely, a declaration by the payer and a declaration by the clearing house (Cheques Act, Article 39). In addition, the person obligated to seek recourse may exempt himself from the need to prepare a protest by writing "No protest required," "Repayment without cost," or other words of the same meaning on the bill or check (Bills of Negotiable Instruments Act, Article 46, Article 77, Paragraph 1, Item 4, Cheques Act, Article 42), and it is common practice that the preparation of a protest is exempt for bills in circulation. A protest certificate is prepared by a notary public or a bailiff at the request of the bill holder, and the details regarding its preparation are stipulated in the Protest Certificate Ordinance (Imperial Ordinance No. 316 of 1933). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
手形および小切手につき遡求権の行使または保全に必要な行為をなしたことおよびその結果を証明するための要式の公正証書。手形については,遡求を行う場合の遡求条件たる支払い拒絶や引受け拒絶などの事実の証明は,必ず拒絶証書によらなければならないが (手形法 44,77条1項4号) ,小切手の場合は,支払拒絶証書のほかに,支払人の宣言と手形交換所の宣言という簡易な方法が認められている (小切手法 39) 。なお,遡求義務者は手形,小切手上に「拒絶証書不要」「無費用償還」その他これと同一の意義を有する文言を記載して拒絶証書の作成を免除することもでき (手形法 46,77条1項4号,小切手法 42条) ,実際に流通している手形は拒絶証書の作成が免除されているのが通例となっている。拒絶証書は手形所持人の委託により公証人または執行官が作成するが,その作成に関する細目は拒絶証書令 (昭和8年勅令 316号) による。
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