Fruit - Eika

...also called fruit. After a flower is pollinated and fertilized, it is formed mainly from the development of the ovary of the pistil, inside which ovules grow to produce seeds. Therefore, a fruit can also be called a mature flower. It is an organ that only angiosperms have developed, and when ripe, it disperses seeds in various ways. For this reason, there is a great deal of morphological variation in the shape, size, color, and manner of dehiscence of the fruit, making it extremely difficult to define a fruit precisely. In the narrow sense, it is a developed ovary, but there are many that have parts other than the ovary, such as the calyx and receptacle, remaining and developed, and these are also called fruits in the broad sense. ...

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "caryophyllus" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…果実ともいう。花が受粉･受精したあと，主としてめしべの子房が発達してできるもので，子房の内部では胚珠が生長して種子をつくる。それゆえ実は成熟した花ともいえる。被子植物だけに発達した器官で，熟すとさまざまな方法で種子を散布させる。このため実の形，大きさ，色，裂開の仕方など形態学的にたいへん変化に富んでいて，実を正確に定義することはきわめて難しい。狭義には子房の発達したものであるが，萼，花托など子房以外の部分が残存し，発達したものも多く，これらのものも広義には実と呼ばれる。…

※「頴果」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報