Kadenho (English spelling) Kwajǒn-pǒp

Japanese: 科田法 - かでんほう（英語表記）Kwajǒn-pǒp

A land law for the salary of bureaucrats in the early Joseon Dynasty (Yi Dynasty). The Gao Land Law was revised in 1391 by small and medium-sized bureaucrats led by Yi Seong-gye, who were dissatisfied with the increase in farm estates from the mid-Goryeo Dynasty. This land system was established based on the equal land system of the Tang Dynasty and the Densaika system of the early Goryeo Dynasty, and became the economic foundation of the bureaucratic system after the founding of the Joseon Dynasty. Gao land was limited to the Gyeonggi Province area, and was divided into 18 grades from grade 1 to grade 18, and was distributed to bureaucrats according to their rank. Compared to the previous field system, this Gao Land Law restricted the plundering of farmers and allowed farmers some cultivation rights, binding them to their cultivated land. In addition, formally the state had strong control and only the right to collect rent was given to the payees, but in reality it had a strong landlord-like character in that hereditary succession was allowed and land was not confiscated even if the person committed a crime, which led to privatization.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

朝鮮，朝鮮王朝 (李朝) 初期の官僚給与の土地法。科田法は辛昌3 (1391) 年，高麗朝中期から増大した農荘に不満をもつ李成桂を中心とする中小官僚によって改正された土地法である。この田制は唐の均田制，高麗朝初期の田柴科 (でんさいか) にならって制定され，朝鮮王朝建国後，官僚体制の経済的基盤となった。科田は京畿道一帯に限られ，第1科から第 18科まで 18等級に区分され，官僚たちの地位に応じて分給された。この科田法は前代までの田制に比べて，耕作民からの収奪を制約し，耕作民に耕作権を若干認めることによって，彼らをその耕地に緊縛した規定である。またこれは形式的には国家が強い支配力をもち，収租権だけを分給者に与えたが，実際には世襲が許され，罪を犯しても没収されないという地主的性格が強く，私有化される要因となった。

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