Seal certificate - Inkanshoumei

This is a certificate that the seal impression on a document is the same as the seal that has been registered. It is used to confirm that the person who affixed the seal is the correct person, and is necessary when creating important transactions and documents such as notarized deeds and real estate registrations. This system is not specifically stipulated by law, but has been handled by custom, but many places have ordinances, and it is handled almost the same nationwide. To receive a seal certificate, you must first register your seal, which can be done by bringing the seal to be registered and a government-issued photo ID (such as a driver's license) to the city, ward, town, or village office or branch office of your address. To receive a seal certificate, you must stamp the seal on a seal certificate application, notify the mayor of the city, ward, town, or village, and receive a seal certificate. The certificate is usually valid for three months (six months for notarized deeds). Seal certificates for companies, etc. are issued by the registry office (Commercial Registration Act, Article 12). In both cases of seal registration and seal certification application, if a representative is appointed, a letter of attorney from the person in question is required. Each person is limited to one seal to be registered, and seals that are easily deformed, such as rubber stamps, or seals whose impressions are difficult to verify, are not accepted. The personal seal that is registered is commonly called a jitsuin, and is distinguished from other so-called jitsuin.

[Yasuyuki Takahashi and Masamitsu Nozawa]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

書類に押してある印影が、あらかじめ届けてある印鑑と同じであるという証明。押印した者が本人に間違いないことを確認するためのもので、公正証書の作成や不動産登記など、重要な取引や証書の作成の際に必要となる。この制度はとくに法律で定められたものではなく、慣習的に取り扱われてきたものであるが、条令で規定しているところが多く、全国的にほぼ同じ取扱いを受けている。印鑑証明を受けるにはまず印鑑登録が必要で、印鑑登録は、住所地の市区町村役場または支所・出張所に、登録する印鑑と官公署発行の写真つきの身分証明書（運転免許証など）を本人が持参することによって行うことができる。印鑑証明を受けるには、印鑑証明願にその印を押し、市区町村長に届け出て、印鑑証明書の交付を受ける。証明の有効期間は通常3か月（公正証書作成の場合は6か月）である。なお、会社などの印鑑証明については登記所で交付される（商業登記法12条）。印鑑登録、印鑑証明願のいずれの場合も代理人をたてる場合は本人の委任状が必要である。届け出る印鑑は1人1個に限られ、ゴム印など変形しやすいものや、印影の照合がむずかしいものは認められない。登録した個人の印判を俗に実印といい、それ以外のいわゆる認め印とは区別される。

［高橋康之・野澤正充］

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