Born October 1, 1956. Eastbourne, UK. British politician. Prime Minister (in office 2016-19). The second female Prime Minister in British history. Full name Theresa Mary May. She grew up in the Oxfordshire countryside as the only daughter of an Anglican clergyman. She attended both public and private schools, and went on to Oxford University to study geography. After working for the Bank of England, she served as European Director and Senior Advisor on International Affairs at the Association of Payment and Settlement Services (APACS). She entered politics in 1986 and served as the MP for Merton until 1994. She was first elected as a Conservative MP in 1997. She was promoted from a backbencher to the position of Minister for Education and Employment in the Shadow Cabinet (1999-2001), among other positions. In 2002, she became the first female Secretary-General of the Conservative Party, and promoted the increase in female MPs and the modernization of the party. In Parliament, she is known as a tough negotiator who values morality. She was appointed Home Secretary in the Cameron administration that was launched in 2010. In 2016, she opposed the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union ("Brexit") along with David Cameron. When Cameron announced his intention to resign after the referendum in June 2016, Boris Johnson, a representative of the Brexit movement, was expected to be the next leader of the party. However, Johnson was unable to garner enough support and gave up running for the leadership election. May, who competed against four other candidates, was elected and became Prime Minister on July 13, 2016. When forming her cabinet, she tackled the issue of withdrawal, such as by creating a new Minister for Brexit, but the withdrawal agreement that the May administration agreed with the EU did not receive support from Parliament, and calls for her resignation from within the Conservative Party increased, leading to her resignation in June 2019. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
[生]1956.10.1. イーストボーン イギリスの政治家。首相(在任 2016~19)。イギリス史上 2人目の女性首相。フルネームTheresa Mary May。アングリカン・チャーチの聖職者のひとり娘としてオックスフォードシャーの田園地帯で育つ。公立学校と私立学校の両方に学び,オックスフォード大学に進んで地理学を専攻した。イングランド銀行に勤務したのち,支払決済サービス協会 APACSでヨーロッパ局長と国際問題上級顧問を務めた。1986年政界に入り,1994年までマートン地区議員を務める。1997年保守党の下院議員に初当選。バック・ベンチャーから昇格して影の内閣(→シャドー・キャビネット)の教育雇用大臣(1999~2001)などを歴任した。2002年に女性初の保守党幹事長に就任し,党所属女性議員の増加と党の現代化を推進した。議会では堅物で道義を重んじる手ごわい交渉相手と評される。2010年に発足したキャメロン政権で内務大臣に任命された。2016年にはデービッド・キャメロンとともにイギリスのヨーロッパ連合 EU離脱(「ブレグジット」Brexit)に反対の立場をとった。同 2016年6月の国民投票(→人民投票)で EU離脱が選択されたことでキャメロンが辞意を表明した際には,離脱運動の代表格だったボリス・ジョンソンが次期党首と目された。しかしジョンソンは十分に支持を集められず党首選挙への立候補を断念,その他 4候補と戦ったメイが選出され,2016年7月13日に首相に就任した。組閣にあたって EU離脱担当大臣を新設するなど離脱問題に取り組んだが,メイ政権が EUと合意した離脱協定案は議会での支持が得られず,保守党内部からの辞任要求も高まり,2019年6月辞任した。 出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
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