National Labor-Farmer Mass Party - Zenkokuro no Utaishūtō

Japanese: 全国労農大衆党 - ぜんこくろうのうたいしゅうとう
National Labor-Farmer Mass Party - Zenkokuro no Utaishūtō

A combination of the centrist and leftist wing of the proletarian parties. As momentum for the merger of proletarian parties (legal prewar political parties representing the interests of the proletariat such as workers and farmers) was building, the centrist National Mass Party (founded in 1930, chaired by Aso Hisashi) and the leftist New Labor-Farmer Party (founded in 1929 by Oyama Ikuo and others) united to form the National Labor-Farmer Mass Party (Zenroto) with Aso Hisashi as secretary-general and about 57,000 members. Zenroto's policy was to oppose imperialist war of aggression, and in the face of the Manchurian Incident, it established the Anti-Expenditure Troops Struggle Committee with Sakai Toshihiko as chairman, becoming the last proletarian party to show a stance of resistance to the plunge into the Second Sino-Japanese War. At the party's founding convention, Sakai Toshihiko delivered a message saying, "I would be honored to die from my sickbed amid your cries of opposition to imperialist war." The following July, in 1932, it merged with the right-wing Social Democratic Party to form the Social Masses Party as a unified proletarian party, but the Social Masses Party no longer took a stance against the imperialist war.

[Hirohiro Takahashi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

無産政党中間派と左派の結合体。無産政党(労働者・農民など無産階級の利益を代表する戦前の合法的な政党)の合同機運が高揚するなかで、1931年(昭和6)7月、中間派の全国大衆党(1930年結成、議長麻生久)と左派の新労農党(1929年大山郁夫らが結成)の結集を軸とし、麻生久(あそうひさし)を書記長とする党員約5万7000人の全国労農大衆党(全労党(ぜんろうとう))が結成された。全労党は党の政策に帝国主義侵略戦争反対を掲げ、満州事変に直面して堺利彦を委員長とする対支出兵反対闘争委員会を設けるなど、日中戦争突入に抵抗する姿勢を示した最後の無産政党となった。なお、結党大会にあたって堺利彦から「僕は病床にゐて諸君の帝国主義戦争反対の叫びの中に死ぬ事を光栄とす」とするメッセージが紹介されている。翌1932年7月、右派の社会民衆党と合同することによって統一無産政党として社会大衆党を誕生させたが、社会大衆党において、もはや帝国主義戦争反対の姿勢が示されることはなかった。

[高橋彦博]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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