Well material

Japanese: 井料 - いりょう
Well material
A fee for repairing or using irrigation water such as wells, ponds, ditches, and embankments. Under the Ritsuryo system, the management of irrigation water came under the authority of the state, and under the manor system, it came under the authority of the manor lord. Therefore, the cost of maintaining it was also borne by the state or the manor lord. When irrigation water was actually repaired by farmers, the state or manor lord provided rice and other expenses as compensation, and this was called iryo. Iryo fields became prominent especially after the Kamakura period, and referred to myoden (rice fields) that were excluded from the tax assessment in advance in order to be used for iryo. In some cases, iryo also referred to the fee for using water for other manors. Furthermore, in some cases, iryo was collected from the lord as a fee for using water.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
井堰,池,溝,堤防など灌漑用水に関する修繕料あるいは使用料。灌漑用水の管理は,律令制下では国家権力に属し,荘園制下では荘園領主の権限のもとにおかれた。したがってその保全のための費用も,国や荘園領主が負担した。実際に農民の手によってそれが修理された場合は,国家,荘園領主からその代償として米などの費用が下付され,これを井料といった。井料田は,特に鎌倉時代以降顕著になるもので,名田 (みょうでん) のうち,井料にあてるため,あらかじめ年貢賦課の対象から除外されたものをいった。また,ほかの荘園の用水の使用料をも,井料といっている場合もある。さらに,用水の使用料として領主から徴収された場合もある。

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