It is one of the standards used when comparing the level of development of livestock farming, and is used as a method of converting the number of heads and birds of various livestock into the same unit and displaying them comprehensively. When comparing the overall livestock numbers of a region with those of other regions, it is used to compare them collectively for convenience, avoiding the complication of comparing by type. The basis for determining livestock units differs from country to country, but in Japan, one large livestock such as cows or horses, five pigs, 10 sheep or goats, 50 rabbits, and 100 poultry are each considered to be one unit. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)'s Livestock and Meat Report 1946 calculates livestock unit based on the amount of feed consumed, converting a cow into 1 unit, with 0.8 for horses, 3.2 for pigs, and 10.0 for sheep being 1 unit. [Nishida Tomoko] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
畜産業の発達程度を比較するとき用いられる規準の一つで、各種の家畜の頭羽数を同一単位に換算して総合的に表示する一つの方法として用いられる単位である。地域の総合的な家畜数をほかの地域のそれと比較するとき、種類別で比較する繁雑さを避けて、便宜上一括して比較するのに用いられる。家畜単位を定める基礎は各国により異なるが、日本ではウシやウマの大家畜1頭、ブタ5頭、メンヨウとヤギ10頭、ウサギ50頭、家禽(かきん)100羽をそれぞれ1単位とする。 国連食糧農業機関(FAO)の「家畜及び食肉報告書1946」では、飼料の消費量を基礎に家畜単位animal unitを算出し、ウシを1として換算して、ウマ0.8、ブタ3.2、メンヨウ10.0を1単位としている。 [西田恂子] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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