The Eskimo is the official name for the people, meaning "human beings", based on the fact that Eskimo means "people who eat raw meat". In May 1993, it was agreed to carve out two-thirds of the eastern part of the Northwest Territories to form the territory of Nunavut, which was established on April 1, 1999. The first Prime Minister was Paul Okalik. Its total area is about 2.09 million square kilometers, about 21% of the total land area of Canada, and its population is about 29,500. The Inuit have hunting and fishing rights in the territory, and ownership of about 350,000 square kilometers of land, which is 18% of the total area. In return, it was agreed that the Inuit would give up claims to land and water in other parts of Canada, and that the federal government would pay the Inuit $1.148 billion over 14 years (1993-2007). Nunavut means "our land" in Inuit, and it is significant that the indigenous people have been granted autonomy. (Masahiro Hosoya, Professor, Graduate School of American Studies, Doshisha University / 2007) Source : "Chiezo" published by Asahi Shimbun Publications Co., Ltd. About Chiezo |
エスキモーが「生肉を食う人」を意味するところから、彼ら自身の呼称で「人間」を意味する公式呼称。1993年5月、ノースウェスト・テリトリーズの東部の3分の2を割いてヌナブト(Nunavut)準州を設けることが合意され、99年4月1日に成立。初代首相はポール・オカリク。総面積は約209万平方キロで、カナダ全土の約21%、人口約2万9500。イヌイットは同準州における狩猟及び漁業の権利、総面積の18%に当たる約35万平方キロの土地の所有権を有し、その見返りとしてカナダの他地域における土地・水域に関する請求権を放棄し、連邦政府は14年間(1993〜2007年)に11億4800万ドルをイヌイットに支払うことなどが合意された。ヌナブトはイヌイット語で「われわれの土地」を意味し、先住民に自治権を認めたという意義は大きい。
(細谷正宏 同志社大学大学院アメリカ研究科教授 / 2007年) 出典 (株)朝日新聞出版発行「知恵蔵」知恵蔵について 情報 |
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