temperament - temperament

A group of Ukiyo-zoshi (idiomatic stories about the world) that depict various manifestations of the characteristic personalities and sexual habits common to people of a certain social class or occupation. Ejima Kiseki's "Musukokatagi" (1715) was the first work, and his early representative works include "Sekenmusumekatagi" (1717) and "Ukiyooyajikatagi" (1720). He skillfully exaggerates the sexual habits characteristic of different genders and ages, and concludes the story with the conflict and struggle between the two personalities. Although influenced by Ihara Saikaku, the use of temperament as a theme, even if only in a typological sense, can be said to have been an attempt to expand the possibilities of novels. There are a few more works from that period, but there are many works of a certain temperament in the world of Ukiyo-zoshi at the end of the period, such as Tada Nanrei's "Kamakura Various Arts Sleeve Diary" (1743), which is unique for its irony and unrestrainedness, and Wayaku Taro (Ueda Akinari)'s "Shodo Kikimimi Sekenzaru" (1766) and "Sekai Tekakekatagi" (1767), which are outstanding for their sharpness and skillful structure. There are also works by Nagaido Kameyu, Nakarai Kinryo, Taigasha Kiho, and others, but most of them are mediocre works that are biased, unnatural, and used as a simple collection of stories.

[Tsuyoshi Hasegawa]

"Ukiyo-zoshi other than Saikaku, by Tazaki Haruyasu" (included in "History of Japanese Literature 4", revised and expanded edition, 1975, Shibundo)" ▽ "Complete Collection of Japanese Classical Literature 37: Kana Zoushi Collection and Ukiyo-zoushi Collection, annotated and translated by Hasegawa Tsuyoshi and others (1971, Shogakukan)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

浮世草子(うきよぞうし)のうち、特定の身分、職業の者に通有の特徴的な性格、性癖のさまざまな現れを描いた作品群の称。江島其磧(えじまきせき)の『世間子息気質(むすこかたぎ)』（1715）が最初の作で、同作の『世間娘気質』（1717）、『浮世親仁形気(おやじかたぎ)』（1720）などが初期の代表作。性別、年齢別に特徴的な性癖を誇張して描き、2性格の対立、葛藤(かっとう)で話をまとめて巧みである。井原西鶴(さいかく)の影響はあるが、類型的にもせよ気質をテーマにしたことは小説の可能性を広げた試みといえる。其磧になお二、三の作があるが、末期の浮世草子界に気質物は多出し、多田南嶺(ただなんれい)の『鎌倉諸芸袖日記(そでにっき)』（1743）は皮肉さ、奔放さで異色の作であり、和訳太郎(わやくたろう)（上田秋成）の『諸道聴耳世間猿(しょどうききみみせけんざる)』（1766）、『世間妾形気(てかけかたぎ)』（1767）は鋭さと構成の巧みさで抜群の作。ほかに永井堂亀友(ながいどうきゆう)、半井金陵(なからいきんりょう)、大雅舎其鳳(たいがしゃきほう)らの作があるが、偏頗(へんぱ)不自然、安易な類集形式として利用した凡作が多い。

［長谷川強］

『田崎治泰著「西鶴以外の浮世草子」（『日本文学史4』所収・増補新版・1975・至文堂）』▽『長谷川強他校注・訳『日本古典文学全集37　仮名草子集・浮世草子集』（1971・小学館）』

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例