A small to tall tree in the maple family (APG classification: Sapindaceae). The leaves are opposite and the petioles are generally long, 6 to 15 cm. The leaves are almost circular and palmately divided into 3 to 9 lobes, but unlike many other maples, the edges of the lobes are entire and have no serrations. The winter buds have 5 to 8 pairs of scales. They are monoecious. The flowers are small yellow flowers, and 10 to 100 flowers form a panicle. The fruit has two wings. Widely distributed in East Asia, with seven subspecies recognized in Japan, and Acer monoecious is the collective name for them. The main species, Acer nigricans, are distributed on the Sea of Japan side of Honshu, from Hokkaido to Siberia, and have fine hairs on the young branches and base of the petioles. Acer nigricans, distributed in Hokkaido and the Sea of Japan side of Honshu, are completely hairless, and have large fruits. Onitaya is distributed from southern Hokkaido to Kyushu, and has short erect hairs on the underside of the leaves. Red maple (narrowly defined as itaya-kaede) is distributed from Honshu to Kyushu, and the leaves of young trees are deeply lobed. There are 12 species closely related to itaya-kaede from Korea and China to Asia Minor, and 3 species in Europe. The wood is of good quality and has a wide range of uses. [Ken Ogata September 17, 2020] © Hiroki Sato "> Major types of maples (3) [specimen illustrations] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
カエデ科(APG分類:ムクロジ科)の小高木ないし高木。葉は対生し、葉柄は一般に長く、6~15センチメートル。葉はほぼ円形で、掌状に3~9裂するが、他の多くのカエデ類と異なり、裂片の縁(へり)は全縁で鋸歯(きょし)がない。冬芽の鱗片(りんぺん)は5~8対。雌雄同株。花は黄色の小花で、10~100個の花が円錐(えんすい)花序をなす。果実は2翼がある。東アジアに広く分布し、日本には7亜種が認められ、イタヤカエデはその総称的な名である。おもなものとしてエゾイタヤは本州日本海側、北海道からシベリアにかけて分布し、若枝と葉柄基部に微細毛がある。アカイタヤは北海道、本州の日本海側に分布し、全体が無毛、果実は大形である。オニイタヤは北海道南部から九州にかけて分布し、葉裏に短立毛がある。エンコウカエデ(狭義のイタヤカエデ)は本州から九州にかけて分布し、若木の葉は深裂する。イタヤカエデの近縁種が朝鮮、中国から小アジアにかけて12種、ヨーロッパに3種ある。木材は、良質で用途が広い。 [緒方 健 2020年9月17日] ©佐藤廣喜"> カエデのおもな種類(3)〔標本画〕 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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