A general term for a group of natural organic compounds whose chemical structure is made up of carbon skeleton units of isoprene. Those with two isoprene units in one molecule are called monoterpenes, while those with three, four, six, and eight are called sesqui-, di-, tri-, and tetraterpenes, respectively. Natural rubber is also a polymer made up of an isoprene skeleton. In a broader sense, it can also be considered to include carotenoids and steroids that are biosynthesized from mevalonic acid via isopentenyl pyrophosphate and the sesquiterpene squalene. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
化学構造がイソプレンの炭素骨格の単位から形成されている一群の天然有機化合物の総称。その1分子を構成しているイソプレン単位の数が2個のものをモノテルペン,3,4,6,8個のものをそれぞれセスキ,ジ,トリ,テトラテルペンという。天然ゴムもまたイソプレン骨格から成る高分子である。広義には,メバロン酸からイソペンテニルピロリン酸,セスキテルペンであるスクアレンを経て生合成されるカロテノイドやステロイドを含んで考える場合もある。
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