Bereaved family bonds - Izokukokusai

Japanese: 遺族国債 - いぞくこくさい

...In Japan, many bonds were issued in the early Meiji period to raise funds for war and to provide relief from depression, including the Kinroku bonds and Chitroku bonds (Chitroku dispositions) issued by the Restoration government, which did not yet have a solid financial base. After World War II, government bonds for expropriated farmland (farmland certificates) were issued to former landowners during the land reform, and special benefit government bonds (survivors' government bonds) were issued to the wives of war dead. These are government bonds issued by the government in place of real estate purchases or large cash expenditures. ...

From [Government Bonds]

…Government bonds are a means of generating revenue to cover national expenses, but there are some that are used as a means of payment for the country and do not become national revenue. These are called "issuing government bonds," and examples of these are Japan's bereaved family bonds (bereaved family bonds) and IMF currency substitute securities.
[Issuance method, redemption, and refinancing]
Government bonds can be issued either through underwriting by the central bank (in Japan, the Bank of Japan) or through public offering.

*Some of the terminology used to refer to "survivor bonds" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…日本では，明治初期，財政基盤が確立していなかった維新政府が発行した金禄公債や秩禄公債(秩禄処分)をはじめとして，戦費調達や恐慌救済等のため発行された事例は多い。第2次大戦後も農地改革のときに旧地主に交付された農地被買収者国庫債券(農地証券)，戦没者の妻に交付された特別給付金国庫債券(遺族国債)などが発行されている。政府が不動産の買収や巨額の現金支出に代えて交付する公債である。…

【国債】より

…国債は国の経費をまかなうための収入獲得手段であるが，国の支払の手段となって，国の収入とならないものがある。これを交付国債といい，日本の遺族国債債券(遺族国債)やIMF通貨代用証券等がこれに当たる。
【発行方法･償還･借換え】
　国債の発行方法には，中央銀行(日本の場合は日本銀行)引受けと市中公募がある。…

※「遺族国債」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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