public service

Japanese: public service(英語表記)publicservice
public service

...However, in the United States, the term is sometimes used to include local government officials, so its scope is not necessarily clear.
[History in other countries]
The history of the modern civil service is seen as a gradual development from royal service to public service. This was most evident in Prussia and France, where absolute monarchies set the foundations for a centralized, professional bureaucracy.

*Some explanations of terms that mention "public service" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…しかしアメリカでは地方自治体の職員も含めてこの言葉を使用する場合もあり,必ずしもその範囲は確定していない。
【諸外国における沿革】
 さて,近代的公務員制度の歴史は,君主に対する勤務者royal serviceから国民全体に奉仕するものpublic serviceへの漸次的発展であるとされている。このことは絶対王政が中央集権的・専門的官僚制の基礎を設定したプロイセンとフランスで最も顕著に現れた。…

※「public service」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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