In contrast to the hydrogenetic theory, which emphasizes the role of water in the formation of rocks, this theory emphasizes the role of fire (heat) inside the Earth. It was proposed by J. Hutton of England at the end of the 18th century and eventually became popular. Hutton did not deny the existence of underwater deposits, but recognized the cyclical process of formation of strata through erosion, transportation, deposition, diagenesis (solidification), uplift, erosion, etc., and attributed the driving force behind uplift to heat inside the Earth. He also argued that differential movements as the Earth rises cause folding and faulting. On the other hand, he also emphasized the existence of igneous rocks, stating that some magma molten by heat inside the Earth cools and solidifies underground to become plutonic rocks (such as granite), and some flows out to the surface to become lava. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
岩石の生成に水の役割を重視する水成説に対し,地球内部の火(熱)の役割を重視する説。18世紀の末にイギリスのJ.ハットンにより提唱され,やがて一般化された。ハットンは水中堆積物の存在を否定したわけではなく,浸食,運搬,堆積,続成(固化),隆起,浸食……の周期的な地層の形成過程を認め,隆起の原動力を地球内部の熱に求めた。そして,大地が上昇する際の差別運動によって褶曲や断層ができるとした。一方,地球内部の熱で溶融したマグマのあるものは地下で冷却・固結して深成岩(花コウ岩など)となり,あるものは地表に流出して溶岩になるとして,火成岩も存在することを強調した。
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