A type of legal reform theory advocated in Germany and France from the late 19th century to the early 20th century. It criticized the dominant 19th century jurisprudence, which was devoted to the strict interpretation and application of statutory law, as "conceptual jurisprudence" and emphasized the role of judges in creating law in order to ensure the concrete validity of judgments. The term "free jurisprudence" was coined by H. Kantorovich, and the "freedom" in this sense means freedom from statutory law. Famous advocates of this theory include R. Jhering of Germany, F. Jenny of France, and E. Ehrlich of Austria. It provided an opportunity for reflection on the rigidity of traditional jurisprudence and played an important role in fostering momentum for the sociology of law, but on the other hand it was also criticized as emotional jurisprudence. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
19世紀末から 20世紀初頭にかけて,ドイツおよびフランスで主張された一種の法学改革論。制定法の厳格な解釈,適用に専念していた 19世紀の支配的な法学を「概念法学」として批判し,判決の具体的妥当性を保障するために,裁判官の法創造の役割を強調した。自由法論という呼称は H.カントロビッチが名づけたものであるが,その自由とは制定法からの自由を意味する。この理論のにない手としては,ドイツの R.イエーリング,フランスの F.ジェニー,オーストリアの E.エールリヒらが有名である。伝統的法学の硬化に反省の機会を与え,法社会学への機運を醸成する重要な役割を果したが,他方では感情法学といった批判も加えられた。
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