Annan ware - Annan ware

A general term for Vietnamese pottery. However, this does not include pottery from the Champa period (1st century to late 17th century). The "Annan" in Annam ware dates back to when the Tang Dynasty ruled this area and established the Annam Protectorate (679), but today the official name of the country, Vietnam, is used and it is no longer called Annam. Full-scale pottery began to be produced in Vietnam around the 12th century during the Ly Dynasty, when the country awakened to national independence. Influenced by pottery techniques from southern China, they began to produce yellow-glazed pottery, celadon, green-glazed pottery, yellow-glazed brown pottery, and other types of pottery. Later, in the 14th century, under the Chen Dynasty, they started to adopt the Yuan culture, firing dark-colored white porcelain, celadon, and green-glazed porcelain in the Yuan style, and in the latter half of the 14th century, they quickly introduced underglaze porcelain called blue and white, which was created by Jingdezhen kilns during the Yuan Dynasty, and produced magnificent products by firing blue and white porcelain, marking a period of direct imitation of the Yuan style. This Yuan style formed the backbone of Vietnamese ceramics from the 15th to the 17th centuries. In the 15th century, red-glazed porcelain was also invented. By the 17th century, this prosperity had waned and production had become crude, but many of the products imported to Japan during this period were highly valued by tea masters for their crudeness, and many tea utensils have survived, including tea bowls and water jars commonly known as shibori-de and tombote.

[Yoshiaki Yabe]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

ベトナムの焼物の総称。ただし占城(チャンパ)国時代（1世紀～17世紀末）の焼物はこれに含めない。安南焼の安南とは、唐王朝がかつてこの地を治めていたとき、安南都護府を置いた（679）ことに始まるが、今日では正式なベトナムの国名が使われ、安南と称することはなくなった。ベトナムで本格的な焼物がつくられるようになったのは、民族自立に目覚めた李朝(りちょう)時代の12世紀ごろからである。南中国の陶技を受けて、黄釉(こうゆう)陶、青磁、緑釉陶、黄釉褐彩陶などを焼き始めた。その後14世紀になると、陳王朝下で新たに元(げん)文化の摂取が始まり、元様式の色濃い白磁、青磁、緑釉陶を焼き、14世紀後半には、元時代に景徳鎮(けいとくちん)窯が創始した染付とよばれる下絵付磁器をいち早く導入し、染付を焼造してみごとな製品を世に送り出し、元様式直模(ちょくも)の一期を画した。この元様式は15世紀から17世紀に至るベトナム陶磁の骨格をなしている。15世紀には赤絵もくふうされた。17世紀に入るとさしもの隆盛も萎(な)え、粗略な作風に堕したが、この時期に日本に輸入された多くの製品は、粗笨(そほん)ゆえに茶人が尊ぶところとなり、俗に絞手(しぼりで)、蜻蛉(とんぼ)手とよばれる茶碗(ちゃわん)や水指(みずさし)をはじめとする茶具が多く伝存している。

［矢部良明］

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