The first British feminist theorist. Born as the daughter of a wealthy coal merchant in Newcastle, she decided to become independent at the age of 22 and settled in London. In her Serious Proposal for Ladies (1694, 1697), which made her famous, she envisioned a boarding school for upper-middle-class women, and sought dowries from wealthy ladies to fund it. In De Marriage (1700), she argued that marriage was the institution most likely to lead to tyrannical relationships, and that women needed to receive a proper education to be saved from unhappy marriages. On the other hand, Astell was also a staunch Anglican, and she argued for the philosophical basis of faith and refuted John Locke. Astell's importance as a debater can be seen from Jonathan Swift's attack on her work. In her later years, she founded a school for the children of pensioners. Her works were reprinted in the late 1970s, and there was a growing momentum for their reevaluation. Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information |
英国最初のフェミニズム理論家。ニューカッスルの裕福な石炭商人の娘として生まれるが,22歳のときに独立を決意し,ロンドンに居を定める。彼女を一躍有名にした《御婦人方へのまじめな提言》(1694年,1697年)では,中流・上流階級の女性のための全寮制の大学を構想して,そのための資金を裕福な〈御婦人方〉の持参金に求めた。《結婚論》(1700年)においては,結婚とはもっとも専横的な関係に陥りやすい制度であり,女性が不幸な結婚から救われるためには,適切な教育を受ける必要があると述べている。一方でアステルは熱心な国教徒でもあり,信仰の哲学的根拠について論じてジョン・ロックに反駁した。論客としてのアステルの存在の大きさは,これに対するジョナサン・スウィフトの攻撃などからもうかがわれる。晩年には年金生活者の子供のための学校を設立した。1970年代末に著作が再版され,再評価の気運が高まった。
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