Underground theater - Angura Engeki (English spelling) underground theater

Japanese: アングラ演劇 - アングラえんげき（英語表記）underground theater

Officially known as underground theater, it refers to anti-establishment and avant-garde theatrical activities that have emerged since the 1960s in various countries around the world. In Japan, it refers to a series of theatrical movements that used the bodies of actors as weapons to oppose new theater, and is represented by theater groups such as Juro Kara's Situation Theater, Shuji Terayama's Tenjo Sajiki, and Tadashi Suzuki's Waseda Little Theater, as well as playwrights Minoru Betsuyaku and Kunio Shimizu, and director Yukio Ninagawa. In order to destroy the existing theatrical space, they performed in small theaters, tents, and on the streets, opening up new possibilities for theatrical performances. The second generation was followed by playwrights such as Kohei Tsuka. However, activities in cooperation with new theater and commercial theater have gradually increased, and the movement has declined as a disruptive movement against existing theater.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

正式にはアンダーグラウンド (地下) 演劇といい，1960年代以後，世界各国で生れた反体制・前衛的な演劇活動をさす。日本では，おもに俳優の肉体を武器として新劇に対抗した一連の演劇運動をさし，唐十郎の「状況劇場」，寺山修司の「天井桟敷」，鈴木忠志の「早稲田小劇場」などの演劇集団，あるいは劇作家の別役実，清水邦夫，演出家の蜷川幸雄らに代表される。彼らは既成の劇空間を破壊するために，小劇場，テント，街頭などで公演し，演劇上演の新しい可能性を切り開いた。次いで第2世代として，劇作家のつかこうへいらが登場。しかし次第に新劇や商業演劇と協調した活動がふえ，既成の演劇を破壊する運動としては衰退している。

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