...The unripe fruit of the opium poppy, Papaver somniferum L., is bruised, and the white milky liquid that seeps out comes into contact with the air, dries, turns black, and becomes solid. The shape varies depending on the place of origin, and it is sold in mochi-like, spherical, or conical shapes weighing about 300 to 700 g. The active substances are more than 20 alkaloids, which account for about 25% of the total amount, and these are broadly divided chemically into two types as follows. One type is morphine (10 to 16%), codeine (0.8 to 2%), and thebaine (0.5 to 2%), which have a phenanthrene skeleton, and the other type is papaverine (0.5 to 2.5%) and noscapine (also called narcotine), which have an isoquinoline skeleton.... *Some of the terminology used in reference to "opium regulation" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…ケシPapaver somniferum L.の未熟の果実に傷をつけ,浸出してくる白色乳液が空気に触れ,乾燥して黒色をおび,固形となったもの。産地によって形状が異なり,300~700gくらいの重量のもち状,球円状,円錐状の形にして商品にされる。 作用の本体となるのは全量の約25%を占める20種以上のアルカロイドであるが,これらは化学的には次のように二つに大別される。一つはフェナントレン骨格をもつモルヒネ(10~16%),コデイン(0.8~2%),テバインthebaine(0.5~2%)であり,他の一つはイソキノリン骨格をもつパパベリンpapaverine(0.5~2.5%),ノスカピンnoscapine(ナルコチンともいう。… ※「アヘン規制」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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