Crater basin

Japanese: 火口原 - かこうげん
Crater basin

A flat lowland located between the outer rim and central cone of a composite volcano. When the summit of a volcano collapses due to a fault or other cause, forming a caldera, and a new volcano erupts near the center, the original crater floor remains as a crater floor. Good examples are Sengokuhara of the Hakone volcano, and Asodani and Nangodani of the Aso volcano. The crater floor of the Aso volcano covers a vast area, and is home to settlements and cultivated land, accommodating a large population.

[Masami Ichikawa and Akihiro Murata]

[References] | Aso Valley | Outer rim | Caldera | Sengokuhara | Central cone | Nango Valley | Composite volcano

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

複式火山(複合火山)の中で、外輪山と中央火口丘との間にある平坦(へいたん)な低地。火山の山頂部が断層などによって陥没し、カルデラを形成したあとに、新しい火山が中央付近に噴出すると、もとの火口底は火口原として残る。箱根火山の仙石(せんごく)原、阿蘇(あそ)火山の阿蘇谷や南郷谷はその好例。阿蘇火山の火口原は広大な面積を有し、集落や耕地が開け、多くの人口を収容している。

[市川正巳・村田明広]

[参照項目] | 阿蘇谷 | 外輪山 | カルデラ | 仙石原 | 中央火口丘 | 南郷谷 | 複合火山

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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