Matthiessen, Peter

Japanese: マシーセン（英語表記）Matthiessen, Peter

Born: May 22, 1927 in New York, New York
[Died] April 5, 2014. Sagaponack, New York. American author. After serving in the navy, he studied at the Sorbonne University of Paris (Paris IV University) and Yale University (1950, BA). He moved to Paris and participated in the founding and editing of the literary magazine "Paris Review". He wrote more than 15 non-fiction works, including "The Cloud Forest: A Chronicle of the South American Wilderness" (1961), "Under the Mountain Wall: A Chronicle of Two Seasons in the Stone Age" (1962), which describes his experiences during a scientific research trip to New Guinea, and "In the Spirit of Crazy Horse" (1983). He won the National Book Award (Non-Fiction category) and the American Book Award for "The Snow Leopard" (1978), which is set in the remote areas of Nepal. His first novel was "Race Rock" (1954). His other works include the critically acclaimed At Play in the Fields of the Lord (1965; made into a film in 1991) and the National Book Award-winning Shadow Country (2008). His final novel, In Paradise (2014), was published posthumously.

Matthiessen
Matthiessen, Francis Otto

Born: February 10, 1902 in Pasadena, California
[Died] April 1, 1950. Cambridge, Massachusetts. American critic. Studied at Yale and Harvard, and taught at both universities. He was recognized as a progressive and outstanding critic due to his rich sensibility and wide-ranging scholarship, but he committed suicide as a direct result of being summoned to McCarthy's Committee on Un-American Activities. His major works include The Achievement of TS Eliot (1935), American Renaissance (41), a masterpiece that discusses the five great writers of the mid-19th century, and The Responsibilities of the Critic (52). His other works include an excellent study of H. James and the compilation of The Oxford Book of American Verse (50).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1927.5.22. ニューヨーク，ニューヨーク
[没]2014.4.5. ニューヨーク，サガポナック
アメリカ合衆国の作家。海軍での兵役ののち，パリ大学ソルボンヌ校（パリ第4大学）とエール大学（1950文学士号取得）で学ぶ。パリに移住し，文芸誌『パリ・レビュー』の創刊，編集に参画。"The Cloud Forest: A Chronicle of the South American Wilderness"（1961），ニューギニアでの科学調査の体験を綴った "Under the Mountain Wall: A Chronicle of Two Seasons in the Stone Age"（1962），"In the Spirit of Crazy Horse"（1983）など 15作以上のノンフィクションを著した。ネパール奥地を舞台にした『雪豹』The Snow Leopard （1978）で全米図書賞（ノンフィクション部門）とアメリカ図書賞を受賞。初の小説は " Race Rock"（1954）。ほかに，高い評価を得た『神の庭に遊びて』At Play in the Fields of the Lord（1965。1991映画化），全米図書賞を受賞した "Shadow Country"（2008）など。最後の小説 "In Paradise"（2014）は死後刊行。

マシーセン
Matthiessen， Francis Otto

[生]1902.2.10. カリフォルニア，パサディナ
[没]1950.4.1. マサチューセッツ，ケンブリッジ
アメリカの批評家。エール，ハーバードに学び，両大学で教えた。豊かな感性と広い学識により，進歩的で卓越した批評家と認められたが，マッカーシーの非米活動委員会に喚問されたのが直接の原因となって自殺した。主著は『T. S.エリオットの業績』 The Achievement of T. S. Eliot (1935) ，19世紀中葉の五大作家を論じた名著『アメリカン・ルネサンス』 American Renaissance (41) ，『批評家の責任』 The Responsibilities of the Critic (52) 。ほかに，H.ジェームズについてのすぐれた研究，『オックスフォード米詩選』 The Oxford Book of American Verse (50) の編纂などがある。

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