…The Jewish philosopher Spinoza was one of those excommunicated from the church, and the letter of excommunication he received at that time repeatedly stated the words, "be damned" every day and night, at all times. In other words, to be expelled from the church meant to become damned, and excommunication also meant an "official religious curse" (anathema). In Japan, there are few cases of excommunication comparable to those in Europe, and the only example is that of the Honganji sect, which expelled heretical believers from the 15th century onwards. … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "anathema" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…ユダヤ人の哲学者スピノザも教会から破門された一人であったが,そのとき発せられた破門状には,毎日毎夜,何時いかなるときにおいても〈呪われてあるべし〉という文言がくり返し記されていた。すなわち教会からの追放は呪われた存在になることであり,破門は同時に〈宗教上の公式の呪詛(じゆそ)〉(アナテマanathema)を意味したのである。日本ではヨーロッパのそれに対比できる破門の事例は少なく,わずかに15世紀以降,異安心(異端の信仰)の者を追放に処した本願寺教団においてみられるにすぎない。… ※「アナテマ」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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