Pavement with a layer of aggregate bound with asphalt on the surface. A major feature of this type of pavement is that it can be freely constructed according to the purpose, from simple pavements that use a small amount of bitumen for gravel roads to high-quality pavements, depending on factors such as the road's traffic volume, traffic load, and roadbed bearing capacity. It generally consists of an asphalt surface layer, a base layer, and an upper and lower roadbed layers underneath, which are made by heating and mixing crushed stone, sand, stone powder, and asphalt, then spreading the mixture and thoroughly compacting it with a roller. The surface layer has a dense composition, while the base layer is somewhat coarser. [Kazuhiro Yoshikawa] In recent years, high-performance pavements with many voids in the asphalt surface layer have become more common in order to control temperatures in urban areas and reduce road noise. High-performance pavements include permeable pavements, which are designed to allow rainwater to actively seep into the ground, and drainage pavements, which are designed to actively drain rainwater that accumulates on the road surface. [Kiyoshi Kobayashi] [Reference] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
表面部分にアスファルトで結合した骨材の層をもつ舗装。道路の交通量、交通荷重、路盤支持力などによって、砂利道などに瀝青(れきせい)材を少量用いた簡易なものから高級舗装に至るまで、目的に応じて自由につくれることが、その大きな特徴である。一般的な構成は、アスファルト表層と基層と、その下にある上層路盤および下層路盤とからなり、表層と基層は、砕石、砂、石粉とアスファルトを加熱混合し、これを敷きならしてローラーで十分に締め固めたものである。表層は緻密(ちみつ)な組成の配合にし、基層はいくらか粗めにする。 [吉川和広] 近年では、都市部における気温の抑制や道路騒音の低下などを目的として、アスファルト表層の空隙(くうげき)を多くした高機能舗装が用いられることが多くなった。高機能舗装には、雨水を積極的に地中に浸透させることを目的とした透水性舗装と、路面に滞留する雨水を積極的に排水することを目的とした排水性舗装がある。 [小林潔司] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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