Hironori Ajiro

Japanese: 足代弘訓 - あじろ・ひろのり

Year of death: November 5, 1856 (December 2, 1856)
Year of birth: Tenmei 4.11.26 (1785.1.6)
A scholar of Japanese classics in the late Edo period. His childhood name was Keijiro. He was originally called Shikibu and later Gondayu. His pen name was Kankyo. His surname was Watarai. He was born in Yamada, Ise Province (Ise City, Mie Prefecture) as the son of Ise Outer Shrine Priest Ashihiro Hirohaya and Sachiko. He was awarded the title of Gonnegi Junior Fifth Rank at the age of five, and in 1847 (Koka 4) he was awarded the rank of Shoshiijo. Upon his father's death, he inherited the family headship at the age of 17. The following year, in 1801 (Kyowa 1), he became the apprentice of Arakida Kyuro, the Gonnegi of Ise Naiku Shrine, a disciple of Kamo Mabuchi, and was soon noted for the formidableness of his ambition, with the comment, "The priest has the brave Japanese spirit, is single-mindedly respectful of his past, does not get lost in the commotion of his friends, and studies things from the bottom of his heart. He will bear his name and become the father of spreading teachings throughout the world" (Arakida Kyuro, "Kankyo no Kotoba"). From Bunka 2 (1805), he studied waka poetry under Shibayama Mochitoyo and Japanese classics under Motoori Ohira, and in 1846, he became a disciple of Motoori Shuntei. From then on, in addition to his work as a Shinto priest, he was a central figure in the Motoori school in Ise, with many disciples, and wrote many books on Shinto, national history, linguistics, and other subjects that retold his teacher's teachings. He also had deep social aspirations, and is well known for his book on relief efforts written during the Tenpo famine, Orokaohi, and his waka poems that dealt with the famine. He was particularly close to Oshio Heihachiro, and was summoned to Osaka for questioning during the Oshio Heihachiro Rebellion (1837). In Koka 2 (1845), he presented 25 of his own books to the Imperial Court. His handwritten manuscripts and pasted notes are still on display at the Jingu Bunko Library. <References> Sakakibara Yosuke, Ashidai Hirokuni

(Robert Campbell)

Source: Asahi Japanese Historical Biography: Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc. About Asahi Japanese Historical Biography

Japanese:

没年：安政3.11.5(1856.12.2)
生年：天明4.11.26(1785.1.6)
江戸後期の国学者。幼名は慶二郎。初め式部,のち権大夫と称する。寛居は号。度会姓。伊勢外宮禰宜足代弘早と幸子の子,伊勢国山田(三重県伊勢市)生まれ。5歳で権禰宜従五位下,弘化4(1847)年には正四位上に叙爵された。父の死により17歳で家督相続。翌享和1(1801)年,賀茂真淵門下の伊勢内宮権禰宜荒木田久老に入門,早くも「神主の大和魂雄々しく一向るに我古を尊びて友の騒ぎにも紛れず,心の底ゆたかに物学びせるは,其名に負ひて世に弘く訓のおやともなりなむ」(荒木田久老「寛居の詞」)と,立志の手ごわさを注目された。文化2(1805)年からは芝山持豊に和歌を,本居大平に国学を学び,6年には本居春庭に入門。以降,神職のかたわら伊勢における本居学派の中心的人物として,多くの門人を抱え,神道,国史,語学など,師説を祖述した著をすこぶる多く書いた。経世の志も深く,天保飢饉中にものした救荒書『おろかおひ』や飢饉に取材した和歌はよく知られる。大塩平八郎とは特に親しく,大塩平八郎の乱(1837)の際に大坂へ召喚され取り調べられた。弘化2(1845)年に自著25冊を禁裏へ献上した。その自筆稿本や貼交帖などが神宮文庫に現存。<参考文献>榊原頼輔『足代弘訓』

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