An early natural science society founded in Florence, Italy. Founded in 1657, it continued until 1667. Cimento means "attempt" or "experiment," and this society conducted rigorous experimental research into various problems in the natural sciences of the time, publishing the results in the form of "Collection of Experimental Treatises on the Natural Sciences." Members included Borelli (anatomy), Steno (geology and anatomy), Redi (medicine and natural history), Cassini (astronomy), and Torricelli (physics). They conducted numerous studies on the principles of scientific instruments such as barometers, thermometers, hydrometers, and pendulums, and carried out numerous experiments using these instruments. For example, they were the first to create a thermometer that was not affected by changes in air pressure. They also made numerous experiments on problems that Galileo had theoretically pointed out but that had not been confirmed at the time, making important contributions to the subsequent development of science. [Susumu Takayama] [References] | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
イタリアのフィレンツェにつくられた初期の自然科学の学会。1657年創設、1667年まで存続した。cimentoは「試み」「実験」を意味するが、この学会では当時の自然科学の諸問題を厳密に実験的に研究し、結果を『自然科学実験論文集』として出版した。会員には解剖学のボレリ、地質学、解剖学のステノ、医学、博物学のレーディ、天文学のカッシーニ、物理学のトリチェリらがおり、彼らは気圧計、温度計、比重計、振り子などの科学機器の原理の研究や、それらを用いた実験を数多く行い、たとえば、気圧の変化の影響を受けない温度計を初めてつくった。またガリレイが理論的に指摘し、当時確証されていない問題についても多くの実験を行うなど、その後の科学の発展に重要な貢献をした。 [高山 進] [参照項目] | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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