Bacterial wilt - Bacterial wilt

Japanese: 青枯病 - あおがれびょう
Bacterial wilt - Bacterial wilt

This is a plant disease caused by the bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum . The leaves and stems suddenly wilt and die. It occurs in over 100 species of plants, including solanaceae plants such as tomatoes, eggplants, and tobacco, as well as peanuts and bananas. The pathogenic bacteria are found in the soil, and mainly enter through wounds in the roots, multiplying in the xylem, and inhibiting the rise of moisture, causing the plant to wilt. When a diseased plant is cut at the base of the plant, the xylem is brown, and when the stem is pressed, a milky white sap comes out. There are different strains of the pathogenic bacteria, and each strain affects different types of plants. To prevent the disease, choose fields that have not been cultivated with solanaceae crops for a long time and plant them in them (crop rotation), or disinfect the soil with chloropicrin when cultivating in diseased areas.

[Toshihiro Kajiwara]

[Reference item] | Soil diseases

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ラルストニア・ソラナセアラムRalstonia solanacearumという細菌によっておこる植物の病気。葉や茎が急にしおれて枯れる。トマト、ナス、タバコなどのナス科植物のほか、ラッカセイ、バナナなど百数十種に及ぶ植物に発生する。病原細菌は土壌の中にいて、主として根の傷口から侵入し、導管内で増殖して、水分の上昇を阻害するため、植物がしおれる。病気になった植物の地際(じぎわ)の部分を切ってみると、導管の部分が褐色になっており、茎を押すと、乳白色の汁液が出るのが特徴である。病原細菌には系統があって、各系統により侵す植物の種類が異なる。防除法は、ナス科作物を長く栽培しない畑を選んで作付け(輪作)するか、発病地に栽培するときは土壌をクロルピクリンで消毒する。

[梶原敏宏]

[参照項目] | 土壌病害

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