Art school - gagakko

Japanese: 画学校 - ががっこう

After the Meiji period, modern art schools influenced by Western Europe began to appear, replacing the early modern period's training in painting techniques at various studios and private schools. However, after the Kobu Bijutsu Gakko (Technical Art School), founded in 1876, closed after a short period, a series of private art schools played the role of art schools in the first half of the Meiji period until the government-run Tokyo Fine Arts School opened in 1889. Two Western-style painters, Kawakami Togai and Takahashi Yuichi, were pioneers of this. Both studied at the Edo shogunate's Kaiseisho (the successor to the Bansho Shirabesho), an institute for the study of Western painting, and this art school can be seen as the forerunner of Meiji-era art schools.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

近世における諸派の工房や私塾的な絵画の技法習得に代わって，明治以後，西欧の影響による近代的な画学校が登場する。しかし，1876年創設の工部美術学校が短期間で閉校となったのち，官設の東京美術学校が89年に開校されるまでの明治前半期には，一連の私画塾が画学校の役割を果たした。川上冬崖，高橋由一の2人の洋画家はその先駆をなす。ともに幕府の開成所(蕃書調所の後身)画学局に学んだが，西洋画研究機関であったこの画学局は，明治期の画学校の前身ともみることができる。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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