…Research from the late 19th century to the early 20th century suggested that phototropism, the phenomenon in which a plant grows in the direction of light when light is applied to the growing point of the plant, is caused by the transfer of a certain substance from the apical part stimulated by the light to the growing area below. In 1928, Frits W. Went cut the tip of the young leaf coleoptile of Avena sativa L., placed it on a thin piece of agar, and after leaving it for a while, attached the agar piece to one side of the leaf sheath whose tip had been cut off, and found that the young leaf coleoptile bent in the direction opposite to the side on which the agar was placed. This fact indicates that a certain growth-promoting substance was produced in the tip of the oat and diffused into the agar. … From [Tropism]…The existence of phototropism was already pointed out by C. Darwin in 1880 based on his observations of rice coleoptiles. F.W. Wendt showed that when auxin formed at the tip of Avena coleoptiles was irradiated on one side during its transport to the base, the flow of auxin on the light side was diverted to the shade side, resulting in an increase in auxin concentration on the shade side and a decrease on the light side (1928). On the other hand, N. Cholodny had already pointed out the idea that auxin distribution is also affected by gravity (1924). … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Went, FW" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…19世紀後半から20世紀初めにかけての研究により,光を植物の生長点にあてると,光の方向に植物が生長する現象,すなわち屈光性は,光の刺激を受けた頂端部から,その下部にある生長域へある種の物質が移動することによって刺激が伝達されて起こると考えられていた。1928年ウェントFrits W.Wentは,マカラスムギ(エンバク)Avena sativa L.の幼葉鞘(ようしよう)の先端を切断し,その先端部を寒天の細片上にのせ,しばらく放置したのち寒天片を,先端を切断した葉鞘の一側面に付着させると,幼葉鞘は寒天をのせた側と反対の方向に屈曲することを見いだした。この事実は,マカラスムギの先端部である種の生長促進物質が作られ,これが寒天中に拡散したことを示す。… 【屈性】より…屈光性の存在は,すでに1880年にC.ダーウィンがイネの子葉鞘(しようしよう)での観察にもとづいて指摘している。ウェントF.W.Wentは,アベナの子葉鞘の先端部で形成されたオーキシンが基部へ輸送される途中で片面を照射すると,光側のオーキシンの流れが影側へとそらされ,その結果として影側でのオーキシン濃度が増加し光側で減少することを明らかにした(1928)。他方,オーキシンの分布は重力によっても影響されるという考えがコロドニーN.Cholodnyによってすでに指摘されていた(1924)。… ※「Went,F.W.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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