Vector (biology) (English spelling) vector

Japanese: vector(生物)(英語表記)vector
Vector (biology) (English spelling) vector

...A replicon is a molecule that has a structure necessary for replication (a site that DNA replicating enzymes recognize and start replicating). For example, bacterial circular DNA is a replicon. Phage DNA and plasmid DNA are also replicons (transformation with phage DNA is specifically called transfection), and vectors used to carry donor DNA in genetic engineering are also replicons in most cases. However, what is a replicon in one cell is not necessarily a replicon in another cell. ...

From [DNA]

… In genetic engineering, a method called in vitro DNA recombination is used. This involves inserting the DNA fragment to be amplified, for example from a higher organism, into an autonomously replicating DNA (called a vector) such as a plasmid or bacteriophage in a test tube. In this case, various restriction enzymes are used to cut the DNA, and an enzyme called DNA ligase is used to join the DNA. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "vector (organism)" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…レプリコンとは,その分子内に複製に必要な構造(DNA複製酵素が認識して複製を開始する部位)を持っているもので,例えば細菌の環状DNAはレプリコンである。ファージDNAやプラスミドDNAもレプリコンであり(ファージDNAによる形質転換を特にトランスフェクションtransfectionという),遺伝子工学において供与DNAを運ぶために使われるベクターvectorもほとんどの場合レプリコンである。もっとも,ある細胞でレプリコンであるものが別の細胞においてもレプリコンであるとは限らない。…

【DNA】より

… 遺伝子工学では,試験管内DNA組換えという方法が用いられる。これは,プラスミドやバクテリオファージなどの自律的に増殖できるDNA(ベクターvectorという)に,例えば高等生物からとった増やしたいDNA断片を試験管内で挿入することである。この場合,DNAを切るには種々の制限酵素,つなぐにはDNAリガーゼという酵素を用いる。…

※「vector(生物)」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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