Ushakov, FF (English spelling) UshakovFF

Japanese: Ushakov，F.F.（英語表記）UshakovFF

...The Empress placed importance on agriculture, established the Free Economic Association (1765), conducted land surveys, and established the principle of freedom of trade and industry. In foreign affairs, the partitions of Poland and the two Russo-Turkish wars greatly expanded her territory to the west and south, but the Ukraine and the northern coast of the Black Sea were Russified, developed, and colonized by Governor-General Rumyantsev PA Rumyantsev and Potemkin, and the Black Sea became an inland sea for Russia through the work of Admiral Ushakov and others. The Empress also paid attention to Siberia and the Far East, and in 1792 A. Laxman arrived in Nemuro carrying a personal letter from the Empress. ...

From the Russian Empire

...Russia sent Laxman to Japan to seek diplomatic relations, and established a base in Orenburg in Central Asia. Shocked by the French Revolution, Russia felt a growing sense of crisis with the rise of Napoleon, and the Russian fleet under Admiral Fyodor Fyodrovich Ushakov (1744-1817) advanced into the Eastern Mediterranean, and General Suvorov fought well in Italy, but then Russia made peace with France and its collapse, the Battle of Austerlitz, the Peace of Tilsit, and participated in the Continental Blockade, before welcoming Napoleon's Moscow campaign. Alexander I, who defeated Napoleon, became King of Poland at the Congress of Vienna, advocated the Holy Alliance, and later acted as a defender of the Vienna System. ...

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Ushakov, FF" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…女帝は農業を重視して自由経済協会をつくり(1765)，土地測量を行い，商工業については営業の自由を原則とした。外政ではポーランド分割と2度の露土戦争で西方と南方に大きく領土を広げたが，ウクライナと黒海北岸はルミャンツェフP.A.Rumyantsev総督とポチョムキンによってロシア化と開発･植民が進められ，黒海はウシャコフF.F.Ushakov提督などの働きでロシアの内海化した。女帝はシベリア･極東にも注意をはらい，92年にはA.ラクスマンが女帝の親書をたずさえて根室に来航した。…

【ロシア帝国】より

…日本にはラクスマンを派遣して国交を求め，中央アジアに対してはオレンブルグの基地を設けた。フランス革命で衝撃を受けたロシアは，ナポレオンの台頭で危機感を深め，提督ウシャコフFyodor Fyodrovich Ushakov(1744‐1817)のロシア艦隊が東地中海に進出し，スボロフ将軍がイタリアで善戦したが，その後対仏和平とその崩壊，アウステルリッツの戦，ティルジットの和と大陸封鎖への参加などを経てナポレオンのモスクワ遠征を迎えた。これを敗退させたアレクサンドル1世はウィーン会議でポーランド国王を兼ね，神聖同盟を提唱し，その後ウィーン体制の擁護者として振る舞った。…

※「Ushakov，F.F.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

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