…Ancient Roman houses were basically built with rooms surrounding an atrium (front yard) and a peristyle (columnar courtyard) arranged on an axis, with vegetable gardens at the back. However, ruins such as Pompeii, Herculaneum, and Ostia make it clear that a wide variety of gardens were created. Fountains were often used, and they were often pruned (topiaria). In addition to hedges with geometrical configurations, hedges were also created with shapes of letters and animals. Gardens were also often depicted on the walls of rooms. The murals of the Willa of Empress Livia, preserved in the National Museum of Rome, are a good example of this, and are valuable materials that allow us to imagine what gardens were like at the time, with fruit trees bearing abundant fruit and fountains shooting water high into the air. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "topiaria" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…古代ローマの住宅は,軸線上に配置されたアトリウム(前庭)とペリステュルム(列柱中庭)の二つを諸室が囲む形を基本とし,さらにその奥に蔬菜園などが配される形を基本としたが,必ずしもそれのみにとらわれぬ多様な庭が造られていたことは,ポンペイやエルコラーノ,オスティアなどの遺跡に明らかである。噴泉は好んで多用されたが,それとともに刈込み(トピアリアtopiaria)がさかんに行われ,幾何学的な構成の生垣のほかに,文字や動物をかたどったものまでが造られた。また室内に壁画として庭のすがたを描くことも行われており,ローマ国立美術館に保存されている皇妃リウィアのウィラの壁画はその好例であって,果樹が豊かに実を結び,噴泉が高く水を吹き上げる当時の庭園のようすをしのぶことのできる貴重な資料である。… ※「topiaria」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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