Kaiseki cuisine - Kaisekiryori

Japanese: 会席料理 - かいせきりょうり
Kaiseki cuisine - Kaisekiryori

A form of Japanese cuisine. Its original name was haiseki ryori, and it is said to have originated in 1629, when Yamamoto Saimu, a disciple of Matsunaga Teitoku, who could be said to be the father of early Edo haiku, held a 100-verse performance at Myomanji Temple in Nijoji-cho, Kyoto. At this event, food and drink were served and the attendees dined together, which came to be called haiseki ryori. Since it was a haiku event, the food was simple but polite, and a small amount of sake was served at the end of the event. This gradually broke down, and the haiku also became simplified from 100 verses to kasen (36 verses), and haiku events centered on food and drink, where people would exchange sake and sing before the haiku event was over, began in the Enpo era (1673-81). Haiseki ryori became a banquet-oriented meal, and eventually came to be called kaiseki ryori. In 1771 (Meiwa 8), a restaurant opened near Fukagawa Hachiman in Edo, and as more and more opened in various places, it rapidly developed into restaurant cuisine, and the contents became more complex and luxurious banquet cuisine. Kaiseki cuisine is the same as Western dinner cuisine, and is a set meal with a certain format, but in Kanto kaiseki cuisine, dishes belonging to the bite group are packed and taken home. From the beginning of the Showa era, it has taken the form of Kansai-style kuikiri cuisine, where the food is served and eaten on the spot.

Regarding the origin of kaiseki cuisine, there are other theories, including that it comes from kaiseki, meaning the food served at a tea ceremony, and that it is a simplified version of honzen cuisine.

[Tetsunosuke Tada]

[Reference] | Menu | Quick Cooking | Japanese Cuisine

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

日本料理の形式の一つ。俳席料理が本来の名称で、そのおこりは江戸の初期俳諧(はいかい)の祖ともいえる松永貞徳(ていとく)の門人山本西武(さいむ)が、京都二条寺町の妙満寺で百韻興行を催したとき(1629)に始まるという。この席に酒食を出して、俳席に出席した人たちが会食し、それを俳席料理といったのである。俳席のことだから料理は簡素であるが礼儀正しく、酒は会の終わりに少量出していた。それがしだいに崩れ、俳諧のほうも百韻から簡易化した歌仙(36句)になり、俳諧の行事が終わらないうちに、杯(さかずき)を交わし歌をうたうといった酒食本位の俳席が延宝(えんぽう)年間(1673~81)に始まった。俳席料理は宴会本位の会食になり、いつしか会席料理というようになった。1771年(明和8)には料理屋が江戸・深川八幡(はちまん)近くにでき、各所に続出するに至って、料理屋料理として急速に進展し、内容も一段と複雑になり高級化した宴会料理となった。会席料理は西洋料理のディナーと同じで、一つの型をもつ定食となったが、関東の会席料理では、口取りのグループに属する料理は折詰めにして持ち帰る方式をとった。昭和の初めからは、関西式の、出た料理をその場で食べる食切(くいきり)料理の形態となってきた。

 なお会席料理の由来については、このほか、懐石(かいせき)からきたもの、すなわち、茶会の席上の料理の意としてあてたものとする説、また本膳(ほんぜん)料理を簡略にしたものとする説などがある。

[多田鉄之助]

[参照項目] | 献立 | 即席料理 | 日本料理

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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