It is a field of study that applies analytical methods such as differential and integral calculus to number theory. Its origins lie in the German mathematician Dirichlet. For example, consider the sum of the reciprocals of all prime numbers.
In this way, series have been applied to number theory and have produced many results. Among them, Dirichlet's arithmetic series theorem is famous and important. Consider an arithmetic series (arithmetic series) with a as the first term and d as the common difference. a n =a+(n-1)d [Tsuneo Adachi] Prime Number Theorem The most typical application of function theory, and the most fundamental in analytical number theory, is the prime number theorem. Let π(x) denote the number of prime numbers that are not greater than a positive number x. For example, π(10)=4, π(100)=25, π(10 7 )=164579
[Tsuneo Adachi] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
微分積分学をはじめとする解析的方法を整数論に適用する学問をいう。その創始はドイツの数学者ディリクレによる。たとえば、すべての素数の逆数の和を考えてみる。
このように級数が整数論に応用されて多大な成果をもたらす。なかでもディリクレの算術級数定理は有名で、また重要でもある。aを初項、dを公差とする等差級数(算術級数)を考える。 an=a+(n-1)d [足立恒雄] 素数定理関数論の応用例としてもっとも典型的であり、しかも解析的整数論においてもっとも基本的なのが、素数定理である。正の数xを超えない素数の個数をπ(x)と表すことにする。たとえば
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