Bohai

Japanese: 渤海 - ぼっかい

The Tungusic Mohe people flourished from the end of the 7th century to the beginning of the 10th century, dominating what is now northeastern China, the Siberian Maritime Province, and northern Korea. After the fall of Goguryeo, the Mohe people, who were under the control of the Tang Dynasty as its surviving people, were led by Dae Joyeong, who established the country of Zhen in what is now Jilin Province in 698 and became independent. In 713, Joyeong was appointed Prince of Balhae by the Tang Dynasty, and the country was named Balhae thereafter. The country adopted the systems and cultural artifacts of the Tang Dynasty, established a Ritsuryo system, and Buddhist culture flourished. Although it was in conflict with Silla to the south, it frequently had diplomatic relations with Japan from 727 until 919 (Bohai envoys). The capital, Ryusen-fu (Tokyo Castle), flourished in particular and was known as "the prosperous state of the east of the sea," but it was destroyed by the Khitan, who rose to power in the west, in 927. From the end of the 18th century onwards, Korean historians began to regard Balhae as the successor to Goguryeo, and the current mainstream view is that the period is one in which Balhae coexisted with Silla, alongside the Northern and Southern Kingdoms.
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Bohai

A bay-like area in the northern Yellow Sea, China, located inland from the Shandong Peninsula in the south and the Liaodong Peninsula in the north. Between the two peninsulas are the Miaodao Islands. The coastline is monotonous and the water is shallow, averaging just 25m deep. The coast has long been famous as a salt-producing region. The tidal range can reach 3m. Coastal fishing is also thriving.
→ Related article Yellow River

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

現在の中国東北部，シベリアの沿海州，朝鮮北部を領有し，７世紀末から10世紀初頭に栄えたツングース系の靺鞨(まっかつ)人の国。高句麗滅亡後，その遺民として唐の支配下にあった靺鞨人は，大祚栄(だいそえい)に率いられ，698年現在の吉林省の地に震国を建てて自立。祚栄は713年唐朝から渤海郡王に封ぜられ，以後渤海をもって国号とした。唐の制度・文物を取り入れ，律令体制をしき，仏教文化が栄えた。南方の新羅(しらぎ)とは対立したが，727年以後919年まで，日本とはしばしば通交した（遣渤海使）。ことに都の上京竜泉府（東京(とうけい)城）は栄え，〈海東の盛国〉と称せられたが，西方に興った契丹(きったん)のため927年に滅ぼされた。18世紀末以降，朝鮮の史家は渤海を高句麗の継承者としてとらえるようになり，新羅と並立する南北国時代と見る時代区分が今日では有力である。
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