Long and Hot Summer

...However, the Democratic Kennedy administration, which came to power in 1961, gradually began to actively support the movement, and the civil rights movement led by Martin Luther King reached its climax with the March on Washington in August 1963. In 1964 and 1965, powerful civil rights laws were passed one after another, and the distinction between "white only" and "colored" in the South disappeared. However, blacks living in the slums of large cities in the North and West grew increasingly dissatisfied with the nominal equality, and many of them resorted to physical action in rebellion against the non-violence of Martin Luther King and others, resulting in frequent black riots from 1964 to 1968, known as the "Long and Hot Summer." Organizations such as the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) and the Student Nonviolent Solidarity Committee (SNCC) gradually adopted more radical stances. ...

*Some of the terminology that refers to "Long and Hot Summer" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…しかし61年に発足した民主党のケネディ政権はしだいに積極的な後援をするようになり，63年8月のワシントン大行進でキング牧師が指導する公民権運動はクライマックスに到達し，64年，65年には相次いで強力な公民権法が成立，南部各地の〈白人専用White only〉と〈黒人用Colored〉の区別は消滅した。　しかし，北部や西部の大都市スラム街に住む黒人は名目だけの平等に不満を高め，また，キング牧師らの非暴力主義に反抗して実力行動に訴える者も多くなり，64年から68年まで〈長い暑い夏Long and Hot Summer〉と呼ばれる黒人暴動が頻発した。人種平等会議(CORE)，学生非暴力連帯委員会(SNCC)などはしだいに過激な態度をとった。…

※「Long and Hot Summer」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

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