In particular, the victory over the Catholic army under the command of the famous general Tilly at the Battle of Breitenfeld on September 7, 1631, turned the tide of the war, which had been overwhelmingly in favor of the Catholic Imperial army. The emperor reappointed Wallenstein, and the Swedish army prevailed in the Battle of Lützen, but Gustav II was killed in battle. Gustav II's politics and wars were based on absolutist mercantilist policies, and in domestic affairs, in response to the completion of the Baltic Empire, the national system was improved and commerce and industry were promoted under Chancellor Oxenschae. From [Wallenstein]…In 1625, he was appointed commander-in-chief of the Holy Roman Emperor's army, and played a key role in defeating the Protestant army, but was dismissed in 1630 due to pressure from the Catholic princes. He was appointed again when Sweden's King Gustavus Adolphus (Gustavus II) invaded Germany, but in 1632 he killed Adolphus in the Battle of Lützen, but lost the battle. After that, he secretly negotiated peace with the Protestants, and was assassinated by the Emperor's assassins. Wallenstein's turbulent life has become widely known through Schiller's play. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "Lützen" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…とくに,1631年9月7日のブライテンフェルトBreitenfeldの戦における名将ティリー指揮下のカトリック軍にたいする勝利は,それまでカトリック・皇帝軍側に圧倒的に有利だった全戦局を転換させた。皇帝はワレンシュタインを再起用し,リュツェンLützenの会戦はスウェーデン軍が優勢だったが,グスタブ2世は戦死した。 グスタブ2世の政治,戦争は,絶対主義的な重商主義政策によるもので,バルト帝国の完成に対応して内政でも,宰相オクセンシェーナのもとに国制整備と商工業振興がはかられた。… 【ワレンシュタイン】より…1625年神聖ローマ皇帝軍総司令官に任命され,新教派軍撃破の原動力として活躍したが,旧教派諸侯の圧力によって30年罷免された。スウェーデン王グスタフ・アドルフ(グスタフ2世)のドイツ侵入とともに再度起用されたが,32年リュッツェンLützenの戦でアドルフを戦死させたが戦いには敗れ,以後ひそかに新教派と和平交渉を行ったため,皇帝の刺客によって暗殺された。ワレンシュタインの激動の生涯については,シラーの戯曲によって広く知られるところとなっている。… ※「Lützen」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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