...In contrast, the molecules that make up liquid crystals are arranged in a certain direction with regularity, and they exhibit anisotropy in optical properties, but they also have liquid properties such as flexibility and fluidity. Liquid crystals are classified into thermotropic liquid crystals, which become liquid crystals within a certain temperature range, and lyotropic liquid crystals, which become liquid crystals when mixed with water or other polar solvents, based on the conditions under which they become liquid crystal phase. In the former, as the temperature is increased, the phase changes from solid (crystal) to liquid crystal to normal liquid to gas, while in the latter, as the amount of solvent is increased, the phase changes from solid to liquid crystal to normal liquid. ... *Some of the terminology that refers to "lyotropic liquid crystal" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…これに対して液晶では,それを構成する分子がある方向では規則性をもって並び,光学的性質などに異方性を示すが,また柔軟性や流動性などの液体としての性質ももっている。 液晶は,液晶相となる条件から,ある温度範囲で液晶となるサーモトロピック液晶thermotropic liquid crystalと,水やその他の極性溶媒と混合した状態で液晶となるリオトロピック液晶lyotropic liquid crystalとに分類される。前者では,温度を上げていくと固体(結晶)→液晶→通常液体→気体へと変化し,後者では溶媒の量を増していくと,固体→液晶→通常液体という変化を示す。… ※「lyotropic liquid crystal」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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