Bluegill - Buruguiru (English spelling) bluegill

Japanese: ブルーギル - ぶるーぎる(英語表記)bluegill
Bluegill - Buruguiru (English spelling) bluegill

A freshwater fish belonging to the order Perciformes of the class Osteichthyes and the family Sunfish. Native to North America, it was introduced to Japan in 1960 from the Shedd Aquarium in Chicago. There was strong opposition to transplanting it because it could eat other small fish and fish eggs and disturb the ecosystem, but in recent years its distribution has expanded rapidly, and it is currently reported to be living in 25 prefectures west of the Kanto region. It prefers still water or gently flowing water, and lives in the lower reaches of large and small lakes and rivers. In its native habitat, some have been recorded to be nearly 40 cm long, but in Japan, most are only 20 cm long. The body color ranges from gray-brown to brown, and there are 7 to 10 stripes on the side of the body that cross the axis, but they become less clear as the fish grows. Males have a red nuptial color on their abdomen. The spawning season in Japan is early summer, when males dig a mortar-shaped spawning bed about 50 cm in diameter in the shallow bottom of the water, and after spawning, they protect it until the fry begin to swim. It is a target for lure fishing in various places.

[Taki Yasuhiko]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

硬骨魚綱スズキ目サンフィッシュ科に属する淡水魚。北アメリカ原産で、1960年(昭和35)にシカゴのシェッド水族館から日本に導入された。ほかの小魚や魚卵を食害し生態系を乱すおそれのあるところから移植には慎重論が強かったが、近年急速に分布が拡大し、現在では関東地方以西の25府県で生息が報告されている。止水あるいは緩やかな流水を好み、大小の湖沼や河川の下流域に生息する。原産地では全長40センチメートル近いものも記録されているが、日本では20センチメートルどまりのものが多い。体色は灰褐色から褐色、体側に7~10本の体軸を横切る縞(しま)があるが、成長とともに不鮮明になる。雄は腹部に赤い婚姻色を現す。日本での産卵期は初夏、雄が浅い水底に直径50センチメートルほどのすり鉢状の産卵床を掘り、産卵後は仔魚(しぎょ)が泳ぎだすまで保護をする。各地でルアー釣りの対象となっている。

[多紀保彦]

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