Servo mechanism - servomechanism

Japanese: サーボ機構 - サーボきこう(英語表記)servomechanism
Servo mechanism - servomechanism
Also called a servo control system. A control system for tracking the position, direction, and attitude of an object to a target value. It is common to use feedback control, which compares the actual position with the target value and controls based on the difference. To achieve this, it consists of a position detector, an amplifier that amplifies the difference with the target, and a drive unit that moves the object based on the signal from the amplifier. There are electric, hydraulic, and pneumatic types depending on the type of drive energy, and electric types are divided into direct current (analog) and alternating current (digital) types depending on the type of electrical signal. It is used in a wide range of technologies, including automatic steering of vehicles, ships, and aircraft, automatic tracking of radar, operating mechanisms for industrial power, position transmission mechanisms, and electronic automatic balancing instruments. Recently, a new type of servo mechanism (power servo mechanism) that allows the operator to feel part of the force that the active part is applying to the load has also been adopted in robotic control.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
サーボ制御系ともいう。物体の位置,方位,姿勢などを,目標値に追従させるための制御系。実際の位置を目標値と比較し,その差によって制御するようなフィードバック制御を行うのが普通である。そのために,位置の検出器,目標との差を増幅する増幅器,それに増幅器からの信号によって物体を動かす駆動部から成っている。駆動エネルギーの種類によって電気式,油圧式および空気式があり,電気式には電気信号の種類によって直流 (アナログ) 式と交流 (デジタル) 式とがある。車両,船舶,航空機の自動操縦,レーダの自動追尾,工業動力の操作機構,位置伝達機構,電子式自動平衡計器など,広い分野の技術に用いられる。最近では,能動部が負荷に対して与えている力の一部をオペレータが感じとれるようにした新しい形式のサーボ機構 (カサーボ機構) も,操縦ロボットなどに採用されている。

出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報

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