Golden Winter Heart

A poet, calligrapher and painter from the Qing Dynasty in China. His given name was Nong, and his pen name was Shoumen. Dongxin was his pen name, but he also had many other pen names. He was from Qiantang (Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province). He first made a name for himself as a poet, travelled around the country to study epigraphy, and developed a unique style of clerical and regular script, establishing himself as a calligrapher. Painting was a side job, and he started to do it after he turned 50. Towards the end of his life, he perfected his paintings, which had a strong individuality and a unique, elegant taste. He painted landscapes, bamboo, plum blossoms, horses, and Buddhist statues, but his ink plum paintings are particularly famous. He spent time in Yangzhou from his 30s, and became acquainted with Zheng Xie, Gao Xiang, and Hua Yue. He lived in Yangzhou in his later years and passed away. He is considered the first of the eight unique painters who gathered in Yangzhou, known as the Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou. One of his disciples in his later years was Luo Ping.

[Shinya Hoshiyama]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、清(しん)代の詩人、書家、画家。名は農。字(あざな)は寿門。冬心はその号であるが、ほかに多くの別号がある。銭塘(せんとう)（浙江(せっこう)省杭州(こうしゅう)）の人。初め詩人として名を出し、諸方を歩いて金石文を研究して隷書(れいしょ)や楷書(かいしょ)に特異な作風を生み出し、書家として一家をなした。画(え)は余技で、50歳を過ぎてから描き出したという。晩年にかけて、個性の強い独特の洒脱(しゃだつ)味をもつ画を完成していった。山水、竹、梅、馬、仏像などを描いたが、とくに墨梅が名高い。30代より揚州に遊び、鄭燮(ていしょう)、高翔(こうしょう)、華嵓(かがん)らと交わり、晩年はこの地に住んで、没した。揚州に集まった8人の個性的な画家、いわゆる揚州八怪の第一にあげられる。晩年の弟子に羅聘(らへい)がいる。

［星山晋也］

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