Melatonin

Japanese: melatonin
Melatonin

…It is said that the pineal gland senses in some way the length of light and darkness during the day and the change in the hours of daylight with the seasons, and produces hormones that help to form the daily and annual cycles of reproductive activity and various other biological rhythms. In particular, when the concentration of the pineal hormone (melatonin) is high, it suppresses the development of reproductive cells, but when it is low, it promotes it. Melatonin also has the effect of agglutinating black pigment granules in chromatophores, making the body whiter.

From [Serotonin]

…Reserpine also has a tranquilizing effect because it releases bound serotonin and promotes its decomposition. The pineal gland contains fat-soluble melatonin, which has been methylated at the hydroxyl group. [Yoshinori Ohsumi]. …

From [Melanin]

…Melanin exists in various ways within cells, but melanophores are involved in body color change, darkening or lightening the body color by regulating the aggregation and diffusion of melanosomes. This process is known to be controlled by hormones such as melanocyte-stimulating hormone and melatonin, and by chromatophore nerves. Melanin is thought to serve as a defense mechanism against excess light, but its role in the brain, adrenal medulla, etc. is unknown. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "melatonin" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…昼夜による明暗の長さや,季節による日照時間の変化などの光周期をなんらかの形で感知し,生殖活動の日周性や年周性そのほか種々の生体リズムの形成に役だつホルモンを作るといわれる。とくに生殖について松果体ホルモン(メラトニンmelatonin)の濃度が高いときは生殖細胞の発達を抑えるが,低い場合には逆に促進する働きをする。メラトニンは色素胞中の黒色素顆粒(かりゆう)を凝集させ,体色を白っぽくする作用もある。…

【セロトニン】より

…またレセルピンreserpineは結合性のセロトニンを遊離させ分解を促進するため精神安定作用をもつ。上生体(松果腺)には,水酸基の部分にメチル化を受けた脂溶性のメラトニンmelatoninが存在する。【大隅 良典】。…

【メラニン】より

…メラニンの細胞内における存在様式はさまざまであるが,黒色素胞は,体色変化に関与し,メラノソームの凝集,拡散を調節することにより体色の暗化,明化が行われる。この過程は,黒色素胞刺激ホルモンmelanocyte‐stimulating hormone,メラトニンmelatoninなどのホルモンと色素胞神経によって支配されていることが知られている。メラニンは生体に過剰の光線に対する防御機構として役立っていると考えられるが,脳,副腎髄質などにおける役割は不明である。…

※「melatonin」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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