…In the case of Britain, chartered companies are basically divided into regulated companies and joint stock companies. The former are guild-like associations of merchants who trade with their own capital and at their own risk, such as the 16th century merchant adventurers' company. The latter are pioneering joint stock companies that combine the capital contributed by members, trade as a permanent company, and share profits and losses. The oldest was the Moscow Company (also called the Muscovy Company), which was granted a charter in 1555, and the most important was the British East India Company, which was founded in 1600 and had a trading post in Japan (Hirado) for a time. … *Some of the terminology that refers to "merchant adventureres company" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…イギリスの場合,特許会社は基本的には,レギュレーテッド・カンパニーregulated company(制規組合または制規会社)とジョイントストック・カンパニー(株式会社または合本制会社または合本制組合)に分かれる。前者は各自の資本と各自のリスクにおいて貿易を営む貿易商人のギルド的団体で,16世紀の冒険商人組合merchant adventureres companyがその一例である。後者はメンバーが拠出した資本を結合し,永続的な一企業として貿易を営み損益を分配する,いわば先駆的な株式会社であって,最も古いのは1555年に特許状を下付されたロシア会社(モスコー会社Muscovy Companyともいう)であり,最も重要であったのは1600年に設立され,一時,日本(平戸)にも商館をおいたイギリス東インド会社である。… ※「merchant adventureres company」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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