merchant carrier

Japanese: merchant carrier（英語表記）merchantcarrier

…Until then, shipping was a private carrier type, where merchants owned and operated ships to transport their own goods to the markets at which they were shipped. In other words, shipping was dominated by merchant carriers, who owned and operated ships as a means of transporting their goods. Shipping was included in and integrated with trade, and was at a stage where it was not differentiated from trade. Later, as history progressed, with the increase in the movement of people and goods by sea and the development of shipbuilding and navigation technology, the proportion of private carriers (shipping specialists) gradually increased, and eventually, as the spread of the Industrial Revolution led to an increase in productivity and a rapid increase in trade in raw materials and manufactured goods, shipping became the dominant form of shipping. …

From 【Transportation】

...There is also a view that in the future, people whose jobs allow them to perform their office work at home through advanced communication lines between the workplace and home will no longer need to commute.
[Transportation industry]

[Management type]
Transportation is an important part of the commercial function, and in the past, merchants were also carriers. Merchants owned their own ships, sailed the seas, and could earn large profits from trading.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "merchant carrier" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…それまでの海運は，商人が積卸地の市場で売買する自己の商品を輸送するために船舶を所有し運航するという自己運送形態(プライベート･キャリアprivate carrier)にあった。つまり，それまでの海運は，商人の運送貿易の手段として商人によって船舶が所有され運航されていた，いわゆるマーチャント･キャリアmerchant carrier(商人船主)に支配され，海運は貿易の中に含まれて一体化し，貿易と未分化の段階にあった。その後歴史が下るにつれて，人および物の海上移動の増加と造船技術や航海技術の発達にともない，他人運送形態(海運専業者)がしだいにその比重を高め，やがて産業革命の浸透による生産力の増大で原料や製品貿易が急増するにいたり，支配的な海運形態となった。…

【交通】より

…職場と家庭の間が高度な通信回線で結ばれ，職場での仕事が家庭でできるようになる職種の人は，将来通勤する必要はなくなるであろうという見方も生まれている。
【交通業】

［経営形態］
　輸送は商業機能の重要な部分を占めており，昔は商人が同時に運送人(マーチャント･キャリアmerchant carrier)であった。貿易商はみずから船を保有して航海を行い，貿易を行うことによって多額の利益を得ることができた。…

※「merchant carrier」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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