Coastal erosion

Japanese: 海岸浸食 - かいがんしんしょく（英語表記）beach erosion

The process by which material from the coast is carried away by waves, tides, longshore currents, and wind. It is generally accompanied by the retreat of the shoreline. Coastal erosion occurs when the supply of sediment is less than the amount of sediment that is discharged. Causes of increased erosion can be divided into natural factors (coastal topography, seabed topography, river sediment supply, ground movement, etc.) and anthropogenic factors. Examples of anthropogenic factors include a decrease in the amount of sediment supplied from rivers due to river improvements (e.g., near Niigata), environmental changes due to the construction of breakwaters, dredging of waterways, and land subsidence.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

波浪，潮流，沿岸流，風によって海岸の物質が運び去られること。一般に汀線 (ていせん) の後退を伴う。海岸浸食は，土砂の供給量が流出量より小さい場合に起る。浸食増大の原因としては，自然的要因 (海岸地形，海底地形，河川の土砂供給状態，地盤運動など) と人為的要因に分けられる。人為的要因の例としては，河川改修による河川からの供給土砂量の減少 (例:新潟付近) ，防波堤構築による環境変化，航路浚渫，地盤沈下などがあげられる。

出典　ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典について　情報

<<: Coastline - Kaigansen (English spelling) coastline

>>: Coastal erosion control - Kaigansabo