Muhammad b. al-Hanafiya (English spelling)

Japanese: Muḥammad b.al-Ḥanafīya(英語表記)MuhammadbalHanafiya
Muhammad b. al-Hanafiya (English spelling)

…However, Shiites strongly believe that this usage is disrespectful. The first people to use Imam as a title for a specific person were the radical Shiite Kaysanites, who proclaimed Muhammad bin al-Hanafiya (?-700) to be their Imam and Mahdi and rebelled in Kufa. After the rebellion was put down and Muhammad died in 700, the mainstream of the Kaysanites taught that Muhammad had become a hidden Imam and would return to earth on the Day of Judgment to bring about justice and fairness. …

From "Mukhtar's Rebellion"

…While Ibn al-Zubayr was pretending to be the caliph, Mukhtār b. Abī 'Ubayd (622-686), a radical Shiite Kaysanite, started a rebellion in Kufa. He named Muḥammad b. al-Ḥanafīya (?-700), the son of Ali born to a Hanifa woman, as his Imam and called himself his Wazir (victim). Seeking revenge for the blood of Ali's son Hussein, he expelled the Umayyad governor in October 685 and established a government in Kufa, ruling over the southern half of Iraq and southwestern Persia except for Basra for a time. …

*Part of the glossary that mentions "Muḥammad b. al-Ḥanafīya" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…ただしシーア派では,この用い方は不敬であるとする考え方が強い。 イマームを特定の人物の称号として最初に用いたのは過激シーア派のカイサーン派で,ムフタールMukhtārはムハンマド・ブン・アルハナフィーヤMuḥammad b.al‐Ḥanafīya(?‐700)をイマームおよびマフディーと奉じ,クーファで反乱を起こした。反乱が鎮圧され,700年にムハンマドが没した後,カイサーン派の主流はムハンマドが隠れイマームとなり,最後の審判の日に地上に再臨して正義と公正とを実現すると説いた。…

【ムフタールの乱】より

…イブン・アッズバイルがカリフ位を僭称中に,過激シーア派のカイサーン派のムフタールMukhtār b.Abī ‘Ubayd(622‐686)がクーファで起こした反乱。彼は,ハニーファ族の女が生んだアリーの息子ムハンマド・ブン・アルハナフィーヤMuḥammad b.al‐Ḥanafīya(?‐700)をイマームにしてマフディー,自らをそのワジール(代理)と称した。アリーの子フサインの血の復讐を求め,685年10月,ウマイヤ朝の総督を追放しクーファに政権を樹立し,一時はバスラを除くイラク南半とペルシア南西部を支配した。…

※「Muḥammad b.al-Ḥanafīya」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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