Wang Tanzhi - Wang Tanzhi

...Wang Bi in particular believed that a sage had mastered nothingness while at the same time responding to all things through the emotions of joy, anger, sorrow and pleasure. This is directly related to Sun Chuo's Metaphor of the Taoist Dynasty's theory that a Buddha has mastered the Tao while also responding to and teaching all living beings. It can be said that the mystical understanding not only established the unity of Confucianism and Taoism, but also provided the theoretical foundation for the theory of the unity of the three religions: Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. The academic styles of He Yan and Wang Bi were called the "Sound of Zhengshi" and the "Style of Zhengshi" because they were active during the Zhengshi period (240-248), and were admired by later Qing commentators. However, Pei Xi's "Law of Chongyou" of the Western Jin Dynasty and Wang Tanzhi's "Law on the Abolition of Zhuangs" of the Eastern Jin Dynasty criticized their philosophical stance, and Fan Ning's "Law on Wang Bi and He Yan" denounced the crimes of the two men as destroyers of benevolence, righteousness, rituals, and music. Ruan Ji, the leader of the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove who appeared somewhat later than He Yan and Wang Bi, wrote works such as "Tongyi Lun," "Tonglao Lun," and "Dazhuang Lun," while Ji Kang wrote "Explaining Private Theory" and "On the Silence of Sorrow and Pleasure," in which he sharply criticized Confucian teachings from the standpoint of Laozi and Zhuangzi as a form of naturalism.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Wang Tanzhi" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…とくに王弼は，聖人を〈無〉を体得しながら，しかも喜怒哀楽の情によって万物に感応するものと考えたが，これは東晋の孫綽（そんしやく）の〈喩道論〉が，仏は道を体得しながらしかも衆生に感応して教え導くもの，と説くことにそのまま通じ，玄学的理解は，儒家と道家の一致だけではなく，儒仏道三教一致論の理論的基礎をも用意したといえる。何晏や王弼の学風は，かれらが正始時代(240‐248)に活躍したところから〈正始の音〉とか〈正始の風〉とかよばれて後世の清談家たちから慕われたが，その一方，西晋の裴頠（はいき）の〈崇有論〉や東晋の王坦之の〈廃荘論〉はかれらの哲学的立場を批判し，また東晋の范寧（はんねい）の〈王弼何晏論〉は，仁義礼楽の破壊者として2人の罪をそしった。何晏や王弼にややおくれてあらわれた竹林の七賢(七賢人)の巨頭である阮籍（げんせき）は《通易論》《通老論》《達荘論》等を，おなじく嵆康（けいこう）は《釈私論》《声無哀楽論》等を著して，老荘的自然の立場から儒家的名教をするどく批判した。…

※「王坦之」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報