Ashida Enosuke

A Japanese language educator active in the Taisho and early Showa periods. His pen name was Keiu. Born in Hyogo Prefecture. After working as a teacher in Hyogo Prefecture and Kyoto Prefecture, he became an assistant teacher at the Tokyo Higher Normal School in 1899 (Meiji 32), and later a teacher. Influenced by the ideas of Higuchi Kanjiro (1872-1917), he reformed spelling instruction. He also practiced meditation under Okada Torajiro (1872-1920), and attempted to use the method of self-reflection in his reforms. In contrast to the traditional task-based model-based teaching of spelling, he advocated a free-choice approach that allowed students to freely choose a task and write freely, which became one of the sources of the later life spelling education movement. He also attempted to reform the reading instruction method, focusing on reading and thinking. In 1917 (Taisho 6), he edited the "Ordinary Elementary School Japanese Language Reader" while also working as a consultant for the Ministry of Education. In 1921, he edited the "Normal School Japanese Language Reader" as an editor for the Government-General of Korea, and in 1924, he edited the "South Sea Islands Japanese Language Reader" as a consultant for the South Seas Bureau. After retiring in 1925, he devoted himself to traveling around the country to give lectures. He published the magazine "Comrades and Friends" (first published in 1930). His main works include "Spelling Instruction" (1913), "Teacher Training Regarding Spelling Instruction" (1915), and "Reading Instruction" (1916).

[Ozaki Mugen]

"Research on the History of the Creation of Life Writing" by Toshio Nakauchi (1970, Meiji Tosho)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

大正・昭和初期に活躍した国語教育者。号は恵雨(けいう)。兵庫県に生まれる。兵庫県、京都府訓導などを経て、1899年（明治32）東京高等師範付属小学校準訓導、のち訓導。樋口勘次郎(ひぐちかんじろう)（1872―1917）の思想的影響を受け、綴方(つづりかた)教授の改革にあたる。また坐禅(ざぜん)主義者岡田虎二郎(とらじろう)（1872―1920）について静坐(せいざ)を修行、自己内省の方法を改革に生かそうと試みる。旧来の課題主義による範文模倣的な綴方教授に対し、自由に課題を選ばせ、自由に記述させる随意選題主義を唱え、後の生活綴方教育運動の一源流となる。また読みと思考を中心にした読み方教授法の改革をも試みた。1917年（大正6）文部省嘱託を兼ね『尋常小学国語読本』を編集し、また1921年、朝鮮総督府編集官として『普通学校国語読本』の、また1924年には南洋庁嘱託として『南洋諸島国語読本』の編集にあたった。1925年の退職後はもっぱら全国を授業行脚(あんぎゃ)した。『同志同行』誌（1930創刊）を発行。主著に『綴り方教授』（1913）、『綴り方教授に関する教師の修養』（1915）、『読み方教授』（1916）などがある。

［尾崎ムゲン］

『中内敏夫著『生活綴方成立史研究』（1970・明治図書）』

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