A general term for metal salt minerals containing the carbonate ion group CO 3 2- . There are anhydrous and hydrous carbonate minerals. Anhydrous carbonate minerals are divided into two types: MCO 3 type (M is a metal ion) and AB(CO 3 ) 2 type (A and B are metal ions). Type 3 carbonate minerals are further divided into two isomorphous mineral groups based on crystal structure: the calcite group (trigonal crystal system) and the aragonite group (orthorhombic crystal system). The former group includes calcite, magnesite, siderite, and rhodochrosite, while the latter group includes aragonite and strontianite. A representative example of the AB(CO 3 ) 2 type is dolomite. Hydrous carbonate minerals include sodalite (natron), gay-lussacite (gaylesite), malachite, and azurite. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
炭酸イオン基 CO32- を含む金属塩鉱物の総称。無水のものと含水のものがある。無水炭酸塩鉱物は MCO3 型 (Mは金属イオン) と,AB(CO3)2 型 (A,Bは金属イオン) の2つに区分される。3型のものはさらに結晶構造上大きく2つの同形鉱物群,方解石群 (三方晶系) と霰石 (あられいし) 群 (斜方晶系) に分けられる。前者には方解石,菱苦土石,菱鉄鉱,菱マンガン鉱など,後者には霰石,ストロンチアン石などが属する。 AB(CO3)2 型の代表はドロマイト (苦灰石) である。含水炭酸塩鉱物には,ソーダ石 (ナトロン) ,ゲイ=リュサック石 (ゲイルサイト) ,孔雀石,藍銅鉱などがある。
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