mystère (English spelling) mystery

Japanese: mystère（英語表記）mystere

…In the plays, the devil sometimes ran rampant, and a grotesque representation of hell opened its mouth wide in the wings of the stage. In the history of theater, such plays, including those that have become quite secular, are called “sacred history plays” or “mystery plays”, both of which are translations of the French “mystère” and the English “mystery (play)” that were used at the time, and which originally came from the Latin “misteria” (meaning a secret ritual or esoteric ritual). In France, “passion plays” were established one after another from the latter half of the 14th century, and in the 15th century, the famous “Mystère de la Passion” by Arnoul Gréban (c. 1410-c. 1470), which could be said to be the pinnacle of sacred history plays, appeared in 1452. …

From [French Theatre]

…
[Middle Ages - Religious and Secular Drama]
Medieval France was a region in Europe where both religious and secular drama flourished. Religious drama began in the 10th century with liturgical dramas in churches that added dialogue in Latin to the liturgies for the Nativity and Easter, then passed through semi-liturgical dramas written only in French in the late 12th century (such as "Plays of Adam"), and in the 13th century, in the newly emerging commercial and industrial cities of Arras in northern France, the townspeople themselves produced dramatism with strong elements of drama of manners (such as "Courtois of Arras", J. Bodel's "Plays of Saint Nicolas", and Lutbeuf's "Miracle Plays of Théophile"), and finally, from the 14th century onwards, culminated in the "Mystère" (plays of sacred history) which reached its peak in the mid-16th century. These great sacred dramas, which were major celebratory plays for the entire city during the Gothic period, became popular with the belief in the Passion as "Passion Plays" (passion plays), and then with the rise of the belief in the Virgin Mary, centered in Paris, as "miracle plays of the Virgin Mary." Both had their own specialized performing troupes, and the first permanent theater was built in 1402.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "mystère" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…劇の中では，ときに悪魔が跳梁跋扈（ちようりようばつこ）し，舞台の袖にはグロテスクに形象化された地獄が大きな口をあけているのであった。このような劇は，かなり世俗化したものまで含めて，演劇史で〈聖史劇〉あるいは〈神秘劇〉と呼ばれているが，これらはいずれも当時の呼び名であったフランス語〈ミステールmystère〉，英語〈ミステリー(･プレイ)mystery(play)〉などの訳語であり，もとはラテン語の〈ミュステリアmysteria〉(秘密の儀式，秘儀の意)に由来している。　フランスでは，14世紀後半から各地で〈受難劇団〉の設立が相次いでいたが，15世紀に入り，1452年には聖史劇(受難劇)の頂点というべき有名なグレバンArnoul Gréban(1410ころ‐70ころ)の《受難の聖史劇Mystère de la Passion》も出現した。…

【フランス演劇】より

…
【中世――宗教劇と世俗劇】
　中世フランスは，ヨーロッパの中でも，宗教劇･世俗劇ともに隆盛を見た地域だった。宗教劇は，10世紀にキリスト降誕祭と復活祭の典礼にラテン語による対話を加えた教会堂内での典礼劇に始まり，12世紀後半のフランス語のみによる準典礼劇(《アダンの劇》等)を経て，13世紀には北フランスのアラスに代表される新興商工業都市の，町民階級自身の知識人による風俗劇的要素の濃い劇作術を生み(《アラスのクルトア》，J.ボデル《聖ニコラ劇》，リュトブフ《テオフィルの奇跡劇》等)，最後に，14世紀以降，16世紀中葉を絶頂とする〈聖史劇(ミステールmystère)〉に結実する。ゴシック時代の都市を挙げての一大祝典劇であるこれら大聖史劇は，受難信仰とともに〈受難劇(パッシヨンpassion)〉として，次いでパリを中心にした聖母信仰の隆盛とともに〈聖母奇跡劇miracle de Notre‐Dame〉として流行し，ともに専門の上演組合をもち，1402年には最初の常設劇場さえできた。…

※「mystère」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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